Natural disaster risk assessment and risk management Free Essays

Catastrophes have happened on the planet over for a long time. They have happened both in MDCs and LDCs. These debacles have either been brought about by human powers or regular powers or connection of both characteristic and human powers. We will compose a custom article test on Catastrophic event chance appraisal and hazard the executives or then again any comparative theme just for you Request Now At the point when they happen they cause genuine difficulties and results to the economies of influenced regions or nations. It’s assessed that the world looses more than 750 dollars yearly because of calamity. By and large, the wonder that triggers calamities is outside human ability to control. As a rule the loses that causes catastrophic events are to a great extent a component of human variables which are human choices, human activities and human decisions or at times absence of these. Before I go into determining a particular human calamity danger, it is critical to precisely realize what a fiasco is or what it implies. A fiasco implies adversities or cataclysms. It can likewise be named as an episode of incredible damage and trouble. It’s a genuine disturbance of elements of society causing boundless human, material or natural loses that surpass the capacity of the influenced society to adapt utilizing its own assets. For this situation, I am going to explicitly harp on seismic tremor as a catastrophic event and its dangers. Seismic tremor is a tremor brought about by the unsettling influence of the earth surface. At the point when it happens it causes extraordinary devastation financially, socially and even mentally to the individuals living around. Since seismic tremors are cataclysmic events, human have no power over them and this can clarify why normally happening calamities have genuine effect on human culture. They just leave individuals with the alternative of lessening their effects when they happen. As I have referenced previously, debacle is an aftereffect of human power, regular power or a mix of both; the executives for these calamities have been set up. Calamity the board essentially is a collection of strategy and managerial choices and operational exercises which relate to different phases of a fiasco at all levels. So calamity the executives body needs to concoct faculty and offices managing seismic tremors. The work force incorporates both the authoritative, people and network activities who attempt to limit loss of lives or/and harm of offices. This they do through calamity readiness remembers endeavors for powerful salvage of individuals required for the quake catastrophe, help and furthermore restoration and reproduction of devastated materials like structures. The organization, people and network likewise take part in a fiasco moderation which incorporates all measures to diminish the effect the tremor catastrophe marvel by improving the community’s capacity o withstand the effect of the seismic tremor. This they do through the anticipation, readiness and genuine reaction of tremor calamity during or after which incorporates help, restoration and reproduction. Tremor calamity will abandon defenseless individuals who are inclined to it again incase it happens once more. To be helpless is to live with a probability that one will experience the ill effects of risky occasions. In the general public, a few people are more defenseless than others. The proximity to perilous spots the more the outcome one will confront. Prior, quake debacles have built up that common perils are a reason for defenselessness to fiascos. Individuals who live or work in specific regions are inclined to fiascos that may happen to such zones. This implies people living or working in specific regions make themselves helpless against seismic tremors debacle, for instance on the off chance that they live in zones of volcanic exercises, at that point they are inclined to quakes or earth developments individually. Powerlessness is basically decreased to zero by individuals not living in influenced territories. Researchers, technologists and designers have endeavored to anticipate risky occasions and improvement of advances that can empower human structures to withstand seismic tremors. The presumption has been that occasions are demonstrations of nature that can't be forestalled yet rather there are conceivable outcomes of lessening their results. Subsequently, advancements and materials for building and development for instance have been grown so they can withstand quakes or earth developments. Regardless of numerous games in the logical and innovative procedure to control helplessness to seismic tremor fiascos individuals keep on being harmed, kick the bucket and loss of property. One explanation behind this is on the grounds that numerous tremor calamities expectations and other mitigative innovation are exorbitant and people and networks are either reluctant or unfit to manage the cost of them. The costs will in general set rules for settling on what moderation strategies to use under different conditions.  So as indicated by this view, despite the fact that defenselessness is a cost, powerlessness decrease is itself exorbitant. As I referenced previously, catastrophe doesn't pick explicit individuals and the closer one gets to it or lives close to it the more powerless the person in question becomes. Tremors catastrophes don't pick poor people or the rich yet it influences anybody or everybody. So tremor or earth development debacles force a shifted number of results on the people, creatures, physical and ecological perspectives. These outcomes can be taking into account the timespan of a catastrophe that is either present moment, mid term or long haul. To UNECLAC, impacts of debacles are transient outcomes of fiasco that contain direct harm,, roundabout harms and auxiliary impact. Effects contain monetary, social, mental and natural effects. These are essentially long haul outcomes of fiascos. The most dire outcome imaginable that decides the level of hazard is whereby catastrophe happens on the grounds that individuals who are defenseless basically don't have a clue when the fiasco may happen, what security measures to take and these combined with negative perspectives towards utilization of specific measures. This expands human experiencing deplorable circumstance. A genuine model here is where by basic earth tremors or developments happen much of the time leaving  people with a typical supposition that such have been going on and that have never had impact on them. This will make everybody to underestimate such situations not realizing that one day the tremor can end up being a quake. At the point when it goes to be quake, it will discover everybody unconscious and henceforth will wind up influencing the lion's share. The way that fiasco can happen anyplace and whenever, everybody ought to be readied. Seismic tremors catastrophes are arranged as either straightforward, Meager or complex. What one society can take a gander at as a straightforward quake fiasco can be seen as intricate tremor catastrophe by another general public. A few catastrophes are additionally observed as quick while others seen as moderate. I may state that most seismic tremors calamities can be considered as at first moderate or crawling in light of the fact that for the most part they start as earth development or tremors before winding up as quakes which are considered to being quick. Seismic tremors are because of characteristic powers or a connection of human and common consequently they are outside human ability to control in this manner the general public ought to be set up on how they can be relieved anyway much exorbitant it might be. Individuals ought to likewise be readied on account of the harms the earth tremors cause whether halfway or complete pulverizations of physical foundation like structures, individuals, correspondence systems, hardware, and so on.  They can be aberrant harms that the harm to the progression of products and ventures that can nor be delivered nor conveyed when a calamity happens. Aberrant harms are of four overlays to be specific; expanded populace costs, expanded harms, loss of corporate wages and surprising consumptions. Taking everything into account, seismic tremor debacles neither have a place with the rich or poor yet to everybody. This implies it can influence everybody up to one lives on the earth’s surface. References www.redcross.com Step by step instructions to refer to Natural calamity chance appraisal and hazard the executives, Essay models

Group Counselling Essay Example for Free

Gathering Counseling Essay In a powerful working gathering, the individuals are endeavoring to convey what they are realizing in a meeting into their regular daily existences. They do this by defining intends to rehearse between meetings, by making a pledge to do schoolwork assignments and by rehearsing an assortment of new practices outside of the gathering. Maybe the two most significant periods of a gathering are its start and its end. The start since that is the place the tone of the gathering is set; the end since that is the place learning is united and activity plans are normally figured. (pg 164) There are a few assignments to be completed during the end meeting! (finishing a gathering) * Members are urged to finish any ‘unfinished businesses’ they may have with other gathering individuals or the pioneer. * Members are instructed how to convey with them what they’ve realized and esp. step by step instructions to converse with critical individuals in their lives. * Members are helped with making explicit arrangements for change and in finding a way to put the exercises learnt into impact in their day by day lives. * Leaders assist individuals with finding methods of making their own emotionally supportive networks after they leave the gathering. * Specific designs for development and assessment are made. NB. The more social methodologies like; value-based examination, conduct bunch treatment, RE conduct treatment and reality treatment †place essential accentuation on the previously mentioned assignments. This attributable to the conviction that, individuals should unite their learning, practice schoolwork assignments and build up a particular activity plan, in the event that they hope to roll out noteworthy improvements in their lives. Body: Time is restricted in a gathering advising meeting. The pioneer thusly, continually stays mindful of that and shows members how to best utilize the time accessible to them. Pioneers likewise need to prepare individuals on the most proficient method to find a steady speed so they don't hold up until the finish of the meeting to present work that can't be tended to in the brief timeframe remaining. Great Practice to Carry Out When Ending a Session: I. Requesting that Members Sum up! The pioneer may permit about 10min toward the finish of a meeting for individuals to sum up what the meeting has intended to them independently. A few inquiries that might be posed to assist individuals with solidifying their learning incorporate; a) Could you quickly sum up what the meeting has intended for you? b) What ventures towards your objective would you say you will take among now and our next meeting to make changes throughout your life? c) Was there anything incomplete for you today that you might want to proceed in our next gathering? d) What was the most significant thing that you encountered during this gathering? e) What contacted you most in different people’s work today?â f) What did you find out about yourself? g) Did you get what you needed from this meeting? (what in explicit?) Questions like these help individuals in recognizing explicit practices they should need to change, both in the gathering and in day by day life. They likewise strengthen their responsibility to make changes. II. Managing Unfinished Work! For the situation that some work in a meeting isn’t going to be done before the gathering closes, the pioneer can help bring a feeling of conclusion just by recognizing those deficient investigations or emotions that are left implicit. This he can do by essentially requesting that the customer contrast the conversation until the following meeting. For instance, â€Å"Since we’re using up all available time today, would you consider it a piece among now and the following gathering, possibly do some composition, and bring it up again then!† #Activity during this time# Psychodrama: There is a methodology for shutting a gathering meeting in Psychodrama that expands the odds that individuals will have the option to recognize and manage incomplete business. Psychodrama stresses permitting enough time for the sharing and conversation stage for every meeting. #Sharing which starts things out, comprises of nonjudgmental proclamations about oneself. At that point after the individual sharing, time is dispensed for a conversation of the gathering procedure. Individuals who have occupied with a pretending institution are welcome to share their responses to those jobs. Others are approached to tell individuals who took an interest in a psychodrama sanctioning how they were by and by influenced by the work and what they gained from it. III. Mastermind Homework Assignments! Having individuals declare Homework assignments or a few methods for conveying further the work they have done in a meeting, and afterward report on the equivalent, toward the start of the following meeting is an end strategy †it likewise interfaces the closure meeting to the following. Schoolwork can be deviced by individuals themselves or the pioneer. Keeping in accordance with social methodology, it is significant for pioneers to instruct individuals that; â€Å"the critical change is the one that happens in the genuine world.† And this is the place schoolwork proves to be useful. The primary concern is that knowledge alone infrequently brings about conduct change. [‘Insight should be converted without hesitation for change to occur’ †reason of the Adlerian Perspective.]pg. 168. IV. Offering Your Own Remarks and Assesments! Leaders may frame an act of giving their responses, a gathering procedure editorial or a synopsis of the gathering towards the finish of the meeting. Pioneers may remark on; * The union of the groupâ * how much individuals openly raised subjects for work * The ability to face challenges and discussion about dangerous themes * how much they communicated with each other (instead of talking just straightforwardly to and through the pioneer) * Their readiness to examine troublesome concerns Pioneers may utilize review notes about every meeting during the week and utilize those remarks toward the start of the following meeting as an impetus for connecting the meetings! Another approach to close meeting is to separate the last 5min for individuals to round out brief rating/evaluation sheets. The appraisals can be counted in almost no time and the outcomes introduced toward the start of the following meeting. A rating size of 1-5 can be utilized. Inquiries that can be posed incorporate; a) To what degree would you say you were engaged with this meeting? b) To what degree would you say you were ready to face challenges in the gathering? c) To what degree did you confide in different individuals in the gathering? d) To what degree has today’s meeting invigorated you to consider your issues, your life circumstance, or potential choices you should make? e) To what degree would you say you were ready to share what you were feeling and thinking in the meeting today? f) To what degree would you say you are willing to effectively rehearse some new conduct this week? g) To what degree did you get ready yourself or consider this meeting before you came today? h) To what degree would you say you are willing to non-protectively take the criticism you get and consider it cautiously? I) To what degree did you consider the to be as beneficial today?

Jewish Essay Topics - Theme Ideas For Your Essay Topic

Jewish Essay Topics - Theme Ideas For Your Essay TopicYour first Judaic Essay Topic will not be that hard to come up with. What makes them the difference is the theme and wording of your essay. There are some common themes that you can use in your essay writing, just like there is Judaic Essay Topics.You have many different options when it comes to choosing Judaic Essay Topics. There are those that tend to favor the Jewish topics, others choose Christian themes and so on. Let us look at the themes that might be appropriate for your Judaic Essay Topic.You may want to write about a trip you have taken to the West world. You may have a great trip going on, where you are having fun with people and you meet interesting people. You may have also met your soul mate there. On such trips, you may get to know the people and you may even start to feel like a member of that world.A great theme would be about traveling to the West world. When you have spent your time visiting there, you will be a ble to know more about it. You will be able to know its culture, language and many other things. It is the same thing when you visit Israel, India or China.The next good themes include our heritage. We are a civilization. We have a rich history and that has made us what we are today. We can also be proud of it, and you can show how you feel towards it through your Judaic Essay Topic.When writing about our heritage, you can relate it to the themes that you have already mentioned. There is no need to break the theme down further. All you need to do is focus on it and you will come up with a good Judaic Essay Topic.You can also use Judaic Essay Topics as a platform to tell the history of Israel. You can share a lot of facts about the Jewish society. You can make use of things that you have learned about the Jews through your own experiences. If you think you can relate these facts with your history, then you are sure to come up with something good.Finally, you can use themes that are a pplicable for you and your friends. If you are in a high school or college, you can write a short story based on the theme. It can be anything, so long as it is something that you feel you can relate to. Use it as a springboard for a meaningful Judaic Essay Topic.

Example of an Organizational Conflict - 819 Words

Organizational Conflict Example Conflict Overview There were many potential benefits that were thought to gained through the merger of the U.S. Chrysler Corporation and the German Daimler Group. First of all, the combined product lines from each company complemented each other well and each would benefit from a more comprehensive product line. Chrysler focused on comparatively lower cost cars and sport utility vehicles while Daimler and Mercedes primarily operated in the luxury market. As a result of the combination of the products and the markets in which they were marketed, there were a large number of expected synergies that were expected to be gained through a merger. It was also believed that the two companies would share their specialized expertise. Chrysler budgeted comparatively little for their design costs while Daimler-Benz spent a whopping five percent of their total operating budget on RD; this RD represented roughly two thousand dollars per vehicle. Furthermore, Chrysler was able to offer a new produc t to market in much less time than its partner and it was thought that the German company could gain some from Chrysler perspective on RD. This is one example of many in which it was predicted that the companies engineering teams would complement each other since they had different specializations. However, after the merger actually took place, the combining of the two companies was being called a fiasco in the news headlines (Jameison, 2000).Show MoreRelatedConflict : Conflict And Negotiation1653 Words   |  7 PagesConflict and negotiation Life is full of conflicts and negotiations. There is no doubt that conflicts between individuals, between groups and even between countries are always happening in unexpected situations in the society. When the accidents occur around friends, families or ourselves, those problems have to be deal with in a correct way to avoid more terrible situation. And that is what negotiation born for. Negotiation is â€Å"a process in which two or more parties exchange goods or services andRead MoreOrganizational Conflict in a Formal Organization Essay1176 Words   |  5 PagesOrganizational Conflict in a Formal Organization The above subject matter cannot be discussed without first elucidating on the key subjects viz: ‘conflict’ and ‘formal organization’. The oxford dictionary of current English describes conflict as a lack of agreement between opinions another school of thought sees conflict as ‘a state of dysfunctionality in a system’. What ever the case, conflict occurs in our everyday life either within a person when faced with problemRead MoreBUS610 Week 3 Assignment Essay1695 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ Conflict Identification and Resolution Mia A. Rapier BUS 610: Organizational Behavior Dr. Anthony Trotta September 28, 2014 Conflict is part of our human disposition; consequently, it is customary within organizations. â€Å"Left unanalyzed and unchecked, it can be a destructive force that consumes time, money and human resources. Learning the various ways that people resolve conflict and expanding their conflict resolution styles can lead to better results† (Sadri, 2012). Within organizationsRead MoreEssay on Organizational Conflict775 Words   |  4 PagesConflict 1 Organizational Conflict: The three views Organizational Conflict: The three views Conflict 2 Organizational conflict is a state of discord caused by the actual or perceived opposition of needs, values and interests between people working together. Conflict takes many forms in organizations. There is the inevitable clash between formal authority and power and those individuals and groups affected. There are disputes over how revenues should be divided, how the work should beRead MoreAn Organization Called Numi Organic Tea Essay1499 Words   |  6 Pagesand nature of ethical considerations in this behavior. Nature of the Organizational Politics Organizational politics can be considered as the activities that people inside the organization, perform to acquire, enhance, and use power and other resources to obtain their preferred outcomes in a situation where there is uncertainty or disagreement (Griffin Moorhead, 2014, p.385). In my opinion, Numi Organic is using organizational politics, because they are forcing people who are working under themRead MoreConflict Between Conflict And Conflict1461 Words   |  6 PagesConflict is generally considered a typical part of human interactions and is not in itself essentially damaging. Rather, it is how conflict is managed that determines whether or not the outcomes are going to be constructive or damaging (Deutsch, 2006). Thus, conflict management, the method of managing a dispute and associated conflicts, is very important in producing satisfactory or disappointing outcomes. It is therefore vitally important to know your conflict management style, along with itsRead MoreOrgani zational Behavior- Conflict Management1567 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Why Conflict is Good-Stop Avoiding It!† To Study the positive aspect of organizational conflicts Abstract When we think of the word â€Å"conflict,† do we generally picture shouting matches, anger, icy stares, or nerve-shattering stressful confrontations? Workplace issues that generates frequent expressions of emotion, frustration and anger is conflict. But not all conflict is bad! Conflict is always difficult, but it leads to growth and change, which is good. No one likes pain, but pain wakesRead MoreFive Concepts Important for Successful Communication in an Organization1709 Words   |  7 Pagesconcepts of communication that must happen within the workplace. In this paper, I will discuss the five concepts that I feel are the most important for successful communication within an organizational setting. I will discuss how to practice active listening, the importance of organizational culture, how to resolve conflict, the key principles of human communication, and the process of formal and informal communication. I will address why they are necessary for successful communication and how best toRead MoreMgt312 Mgt 312 Organizational Behavior for Manager – All Assignments772 Words   |  4 PagesMGT312 MGT 312 Organizational Be havior for Manager – All Assignments Click Link Below To Buy: http://hwcampus.com/shop/mgt-312-new/mgt312-mgt-312-organizational-behavior-for-manager-all-assignments/ Or Visit www.hwcampus.com MGT 312 Organizational Behavior for Manager – All Assignments MGT 312 WEEK 1 Organizational Behavior Paper MGT 312 WEEK 2 Personality Impact Paper MGT 312 WEEK 2 Learning Team Four Functions of Management Paper MGT 312 WEEK 3 Sodexo and Principle Financial GroupRead MoreThe Efficient Management Of An Organization Conflict1351 Words   |  6 Pageslife, conflict is unavoidable. Though some of us try to evade conflict, it is quiet impossible. It is completely normal to desire to evade conflict. The efficient management of an organization conflict entails an indulgent of the basis and nature of the conflict in the workplace. Conflicts frequently come about because of view of mismatched interests between employees. Prudently, it is worth focusing on interpersonal conflicts, resolutions and the outcomes of such conflicts. Organizational conflicts

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Information And Information Security Incidents - 3506 Words

In this day and age of interconnected worldwide business environments where information underpins the functionality of an organization, it becomes increasing important to secure information and information systems from a wide range of threats and vulnerabilities that affects the Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability (CIA) of information. There has been a significant rise in information security incidents (Leakage of knowledge, valuable corporate information, personal information, etc.) over the years that compromise the confidentiality, integrity and availability of information and information assets of a particular organization and lead to a significant financial losses, reputational damage, operational downtime, loss of†¦show more content†¦The traditional security perimeter of the organization has now extended to include people, their devices and actions. Hence, organizations like MSD, must ensure the security of information and information assets by implementing a sophisticated organization-wide information security program that ensures protection of valuable corporate information. Recently, MSD has suffered significant financial and reputational damage because of actions of employees, leakage of trade secrets, and high employee (permanent/contractor) turnover (loss of IP). It is obvious that the threats posed by competitors has increased over time and MSD needs to immediately identify the gaps and ensure competitive advantage is not lost. Castle Security Consulting (CSC) provides comprehensive range of professional information security services in order to protect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of critical corporate infrastructure, information, and the various information assets including knowledge and people. CSC consists of certified information security consults worldwide (covering each of MSD’s facilities in different countries) that possess the necessary expertise in delivering high quality information security services, based on international standards (ISO27001-06) from the perspective of: †¢ Information Security Risk Management †¢ Information Security Strategy †¢ Information Security Policy †¢ Information

Quantum Mechanics free essay sample

Throughout the years the Quantum Mechanic model has evolved many times. This evolution has taken place after every major discovery in Quantum Mechanics. The current Quantum mechanic model is by far the most accurate example of an atom and how it works. Currently the model depicts a proton (or more than one depending on the atom) and neutron in the nucleus and a an electron rotating around the nucleus in an energy level, or an estimated path of the electron. The first person to purpose the existence of atoms was Democritus. Democritus’ had the right idea however the details of his original theory were not quite right. Democritus believed there was a select few elements and the ratio between these elements made up matter. It was free thinking individuals like this that led to the discovery of several theories that aloud atoms to be tested. Francois Bacon was one of those individuals. He saw a need for organization in the scientific community. His answer to this was the scientific method. The scientific method was a list of steps that helped organize experiments. Antoine Lavoisier was a French nobleman that had made a hobby of chemistry. However because of this bored tax collector with a passion we were able to accurately test countless theories. Lavoisier created the â€Å"Law of Conservation of Matter,† which stated that no matter could be created or destroyed. This Law caused a flurry of questions, were did this come from and where did that go became a question in every experiment. Robert Boyle now armed with new scientific knowledge began to concentrate on gases. Boyle declared in 1662 that, â€Å"For a fixed amount of gas kept at a fixed temperature, P and V are inversely proportional. † After Boyle many followed in the study of gases. Two scientists who chose to study this were Amedeo Avogadro and Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac. Amedeo Avogadro had hypothesized that Equal volumes of gases, at the same temperature and pressure, contain the same number of particles, or molecules (this was found true in 1811). Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac decided to compare and observe temperature in relation to pressure. Through his experiments he proposed, â€Å"At constant pressure, the volume of a given mass of an ideal gas increases or decreases by the same factor as its temperature (in kelvin) increases or decreases. These three laws allowed for an in depth observation of compounds and mixtures. Joseph Proust took notice of all the experiments conducted by his peers, and observed their conclusion which led him to the discovery of the law of definite proportions. This law states that all compounds contain the same ratio of elements. The law of definite proportions gave a perfect base for John Dalton to begin his atomic theory. Joseph Dalto n established a series of rules that elements and there atoms followed. Several of these rules were already accepted in the scientific community however Dalton was the first to list them. This list was known as the Atomic Theory, and it states: All atoms of a given element are identical Elements are made of tiny particles called atoms. The atoms of a given element are different from those of any other element. Atoms of one element can combine with atoms of other elements to form compounds. A given compound always has the same relative numbers of types of atoms. Atoms cannot be created, divided into smaller particles, nor destroyed in the chemical process. A chemical reaction simply changes the way atoms are grouped together. The atomic theory though mostly true had an additional statement that proved to be false. This kept the atomic theory from being embraced for several years. Even though some of his ideas proved to be a little incorrect he paved the way for people such as J. J. Thomson, James Chadwick, and Ernest Rutherford to further investigate the atom. However before they had a chance to further investigate the atom a scientist by the name of Benjamin Franklin decided to do possibly the most famous scientific experiment of all time. The famous kite experiment is still debated however it did prove the existence of static electricity. Static electricity is the rapid expulsion of recently acquired negatively or positively charged ions. Ben Franklin’s kite experiment As scientists discovered more and more details about atoms they eventually wanted to break down the atom into its smallest particles. The first person to do this was J. J. Thomson. Thomson discovered the electron through his work with the cathode ray. A Cathode Ray was a device that used an evacuated glass tube with electrode at both ends, these electrodes had opposing charges. A beam of negatively charged particles flowed between the two electrodes. Thomson discovered this and called the negative particles electrons. Cathode Ray This breakthrough discovery of the electron caused uproar in atomic physics. Several scientists started experimenting and testing the electron. One of those scientists was Robert Andrews Millikan. Using an experiment involving oil-droplets Millikan found the charge of a single electron. However a scientist by the name of Felix Ehrenhaft published contradictory results. After improving his experiment Millikan’s original answer was proven correct . Ernest Rutherford was an intelligent son of a farmer. Because, of his work ethic and success in school he won a scholarship to Cambridge university. While studying in Cambridge he met J. J. Thomson who convinced him to start a career in observing and researching atoms. He discovered the nucleus and discovered it was the only part of the atom with mass and that it had a positive charge. In 1907 while experimenting with radioactivity Rutherford isolated a positive particle, he had discovered the proton. James Chadwick worked under Rutherford and was also studying radiation. However when observing the atomic mass of elements he noticed it was much higher than the elements atomic number. Sense the electron has no mass he hypothesized that there was a neutrally charged particle that contained mass. He was correct and named the particle a neutron. After each part of the atom was identified the problem of the atoms structure was called into the equation. Neils Bohr decided to focus his time on this problem. Rutherford had already illustrated an atomic model however it had a serious problem. His structure had the electron rotating around the nucleus however if this were true the electron would lose energy and eventually collide into the nucleus. Bohr decided by adding energy levels for the electrons to transfer to it fixes the basic physics problems. During the discussions of the atomic model the word quantum mechanics started being used. Quantum Mechanics means the study of radiation and matter. The main founders of quantum mechanics are Werner Heisenberg, Niels Bohr, and Wolfgang Pauli. Werner Heisenberg was head of the German Nuclear power program and was incredibly close to a nuclear bomb if it weren’t for a math error in 1940 causing him to believe nuclear fission was impossible. Wolfgang Pauli had a break through with his Pauli exclusion principle. This principle discussed how matter occupies space exclusively. All these scientific evolutions have given us some answers as to how we function on an atomic level. However some will say we haven’t even scratch the surface due to the fact the smallest particle we’ve identified is the quark. The discovers that we will make in the future after identifying even smaller particles will more than likely prove our current thoughts wrong. This thought process is in danger of being proved wrong. Scientist are working on something called the string theory that will explain time and other unknowns. In conclusion the current quantum mechanic model has few inaccuracies and the general physics are correct. The electron cloud isn’t illustrated by red ovals like it used to be and the separate energy levels are visible. 00 years of testing and experiments have gone into the model and that makes it very accurate.